Implicações do teletrabalho para o trabalhador no período pandêmico de covid-19 / Implications of teleworking for the worker in the pandemic covid-19 period / Consecuencias de telework para el trabajador en el período pandémico covid-19

Objetivo: identificar as implicações do teletrabalho para o trabalhador no período pandêmico de covid-19.Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com buscas nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Medline via pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, utilizando os descritores teleworking, pandemics, occupational health com operador booleano AND. A busca foi realizada em agosto de 2022 e contou com os seguintes critérios de inclusão: textos no formato artigo científico com texto na íntegra, publicados no período pandêmico (2020 - 2022), em inglês, português e espanhol. Excluíram-se os artigos duplicados, pesquisas de revisão e artigos reflexivos. Resultados: Foram encontrados 134 artigos e após a aplicação dos critérios e avaliação do corpus textual, obtivemos uma amostra de 19 estudos. A análise se desdobrou na criação de 03 categorias, a citar: modificações no estilo de vida durante o trabalho remoto; implicações relacionadas à saúde mental e ao isolamento e implicações relacionadas ao processo de trabalho. O teletrabalho foi uma ferramenta valiosa porque proporcionou a continuidade e funcionamento das empresas durante a pandemia de Covid-19 uma vez que a saúde física e mental do trabalhador foi imensamente afetada. Conclusão: O teletrabalho mostrou- se uma importante modalidade de trabalho frente à pandemia de Covid-19. Apesar de ter sido uma ferramenta imprescindível para manutenção dos empregos e continuidade do funcionamento das empresas durante a pandemia, a saúde física e mental do trabalhador foi bastante afetada neste período.

Objective: To identify the implications of teleworking for the worker in the pandemic period of covid-19.Methods: This is an integrative literature review with searches in the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline via pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases, using the descriptors teleworking, pandemics, occupational health with boolean operator AND. The search was carried out in August 2022 and had the following inclusion criteria: texts in the format of scientific article with full text, published in the pandemic period (2020 - 2022), in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Duplicate articles, review research, and reflective articles were excluded. Results: We found 134 articles and after applying the criteria and evaluation of the textual corpus, we obtained a sample of 19 studies. The analysis unfolded in the creation of 03 categories, to mention: changes in lifestyle during remote work; implications related to mental health and isolation and implications related to the work process. Teleworking was a valuable tool because it provided business continuity and operation during the COVID-19 pandemic as the worker's physical and mental health was greatly affected. Conclusion: Teleworking proved to be an important way of working against the COVID-19 pandemic. Although it was an indispensable tool for maintaining jobs and continuing the functioning of companies during the pandemic, the physical and mental health of the worker was greatly affected in this period.

Propósito: identificar las implicaciones del teletrabajo para los trabajadores en el periodo pandémico de covid-19.Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrada de la literatura con búsquedas en la Web de Ciencia, Scopus, Medline via pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo y el Índice Acumulativo a las bases de datos de Enfermería y Literatura de Salud Aliada, utilizando los descriptores teletrabajo, las pandemias, la salud ocupacional con operador Y. La búsqueda se llevó a cabo en agosto de 2022 y pudo contar con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: textos en formato de artículo científico con texto completo, publicados en el período de la pandemia (2020-2022), en español, portugués e inglés. Se excluyeron artículos duplicados, encuestas de revisión y artículos reflexivos. Resultados: se encontraron 134 artículos, y tras la aplicación de los criterios de valoración del corpus textual, se obtuvo una muestra de 19 estudios. El análisis ha dado lugar a la creación de 30 categorías, por citar: cambios en el estilo de vida durante el trabajo a distancia; consecuencias relacionadas con la salud mental y el aislamiento y consecuencias relacionadas con el proceso de trabajo. El teletrabajo era un instrumento valioso porque ofrecía continuidad y funcionamiento de las operaciones durante la pandemia del Covid-19, ya que la salud física y mental del trabajador se veía inmensamente afectada. Conclusión: el teletrabajo ha demostrado ser una importante modalidad de trabajo frente a la pandemia del Covid-19. Aunque fue un instrumento indispensable para mantener el empleo y continuar el funcionamiento de las empresas durante la pandemia, la salud física y mental del trabajador se ha visto muy afectada en este período.

Prevalence, antifungal susceptibility and virulence determinants of oral yeast species isolated from immunodeficient patients in Northeastern Brazil / Prevalência, suscetibilidade a antifúngicos e determinantes de virulência de leveduras orais isoladas de pacientes imunodeficientes do Nordeste do Brasil / Prevalencia, susceptibilidad antifúngica y determinantes de virulencia de levaduras orales aisladas de pacientes inmunodeficientes del Noreste de Brasil

Justificativa e Objetivos: A candidíase oral tem uma ocorrência comum em pacientes imunocomprometidos. No entanto, outras infecções emergentes tornaram-se cada vez mais habituais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência, os determinantes de virulência e a suscetibilidade a antifúngicos de leveduras que colonizam a mucosa de pacientes imunocomprometidos na região Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 60 pacientes HIV positivos atendidos no Serviço de Atendimento Especializado/Hospital Dia do Hospital Universitário Prof. Alberto Antunes, vinculado à Universidade Federal de Alagoas. As amostras foram coletadas em regiões subgengivais e semeadas em CHROMagar para confirmação presuntiva de Candida spp., seguido por PCR e sequenciamento. Além disso, testamos os determinantes de virulência fosfolipase e protease e avaliamos in vitro a concentração inibitória mínima dos antifúngicos anfotericina B e fluconazol. Este projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de ética em pesquisa do Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió. Resultados: Aproximadamente 63% dos pacientes foram colonizados por leveduras. A espécie C. albicans foi predominante, enquanto as espécies de Candida não-albicans representaram 49% dos isolados, sendo C. dubliniensis e C. parapsilosis as mais comuns. Entretanto, C. intermedia, Bullera penniseticola e Naganishia liquefaciens também foram encontrados. Os determinantes da virulência protease e/ou fosfolipase também foram produzidos por Candida spp. e alguns isolados oportunistas incomuns como Kodamaea ohmeri, N. liquefaciens e Saitozyma podzolica. Além disso, a maioria dos isolados de Candida spp. e algumas espécies oportunistas incomuns apresentaram altos valores de concentração inibitória mínima. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos indicam que C. albicans continua a ser a espécie predominante na cavidade oral de pacientes imunodeficientes e, juntamente com outras espécies incomuns, pode apresentar alta resistência aos antifúngicos testados.(AU)

Background and Objectives: Oral candidiasis has a common occurrence in immunocompromised patients. However, other emergent infections have become increasingly common. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, virulence determinants and the antifungal susceptibility of yeast colonizing the mucosa of immunocompromised patients in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: Samples from sixty HIV-positive patients seen at the Specialized Service / Hospital Dia - Hospital Universitário Prof. Alberto Antunes from the Federal University of Alagoas were collected from subgingival sites and seeded on CHROMagar for presumptive confirmation of Candida spp. followed by PCR and sequencing. In addition, we tested virulence determinants, phospholipase and protease and evaluated in vitro the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of antifungals amphotericin B and fluconazole. This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Center for Higher Studies in Maceió. Results: Approximately 63% of the patients were colonized by yeasts, with C. albicans as the predominant species, while non-Candida albicans species accounted for 49% of the isolates, with C. dubliniensis and C. parapsilosis being the commonest, but C. intermedia, Bullera penniseticola and Naganishia liquefaciens were also found. The virulence determinants protease and/or phospholipase were also produced by Candida spp. and some uncommon opportunistic isolates such as Kodamaea ohmeri, N. liquefaciens and Saitozyma podzolica. Furthermore, most of Candida spp. strains and some uncommon opportunistic species showed high values of minimal inhibitory concentration. Conclusion: Results obtained indicate that C. albicans continues to be the predominant species in oral cavity of immunodeficient patients and along with other unusual species may present high resistance to the antifungals tested.(AU)

Justificación y Objetivos: La candidiasis oral acomete con frecuencia a pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Sin embargo, otras infecciones emergentes se han vuelto cada vez más comunes. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia, la producción de determinantes de virulencia y la susceptibilidad a antifúngicos de levaduras que colonizan la mucosa de pacientes inmunocomprometidos en la región Nordeste de Brasil. Métodos: Se colectaron muestras de sesenta pacientes VIH positivos atendidos en el Servicio de Atención Especializado/Hospital Día del Hospital Universitario Prof. Alberto Antunes, vinculado a la Universidad Federal de Alagoas. Se colectaron las muestras en las regiones subgingivales y las sembraron en CHROMagar para la presunta confirmación de Candida spp. seguido de PCR y secuenciación. Además, analizamos los determinantes de virulencia fosfolipasa y proteasa y evaluamos in vitro la concentración mínima inhibitoria de los antifúngicos anfotericina B y fluconazol. Este proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Centro de Estudios Superiores de Maceió. Resultados: Aproximadamente el 63% de los pacientes fueron colonizados por levaduras, y la C. albicans fue la especie predominante, mientras que las especies de Candida no-albicans representaron el 49% de los aislamientos, de las cuales la C. dubliniensis y la C. parapsilosis fueron las más comunes. Sin embargo, también se encontraron C. intermedia, Bullera penniseticola y Naganishia liquefaciens. Los determinantes de virulencia de proteasa y/o fosfolipasa también fueron producidos por Candida spp. y algunos aislados oportunistas inusuales como Kodamaea ohmeri, N. liquefaciens y Saitozyma podzolica. Además, la mayoría de los asilados de Candida spp. y algunas especies oportunistas inusuales mostraron valores altos de concentración mínima inhibitoria. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos indican que C. albicans continúa siendo la especie predominante en la cavidad oral de pacientes inmunodeprimidos y, junto con otras especies poco comunes, puede presentar una alta resistencia a los antifúngicos evaluados.(AU)

Nitrogen source and pH interact and modulate lipase secretion in a non-clinical strain of Candida parapsilosis

Lipases (E.C. 3.1.1.3) are serine-hydrolases, and act on long chain fatty acid ester bonds. They exhibit specific and enantioselective activities, which are desirable for many industrial applications. This study aimed at screening and optimizing the production of lipases by wild yeast strains from a variety of substrates, as well as characterizing the enzyme. An initial selection was made in oxygenated oil-supplemented minimum medium, and the enzymatic activity of the supernatant was tested over p-nitrophenyl palmitate. One-hundred and twenty-four yeast strains from different substrates were tested, and twenty-three showed significantly higher lipolytic activity (p<0.01). One yeast in particular, QU110, showed best lipase production and therefore was selected for the optimization and characterization processes. This yeast exhibits enzyme secretion in initial pH 6.0, with olive oil and tryptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. There was a strong interaction between nitrogen source and initial pH, and pH 9.0seems to inhibit enzyme secretion. The crude enzyme (cell-free supernatant) shows stability in surfactants and n-hexane, but not in ethanol or methanol. A Response Surface Model was created and optimal enzyme activity conditions were observed at 36°C and pH 8.0. The lipase is appropriate for transesterification reactions, as the enzyme is more stable in strong apolar solvents than moderately apolar ones. Also, secretion by pH was not reported elsewhere, which should be further investigated and contribute for other yeast bioprocesses as well.

Pesquisa de Cardiotoxicidade em Prontuário de Paciente Submetido à Quimioterapia R-CHOP: um Estudo de Caso / Research on Cardiotoxicity in Patient Chart Submitted to R-CHOP Chemotherapy: a Case Study / Investigación de Cardiotoxicidad en Prontuario de Paciente Sometido a la Quimioterapia R-CHOP: un Estudio de Caso

Introdução: A cardiotoxicidade é um dos efeitos mais significativos no tratamento oncológico. Entre as implicações mais consideráveis, destaca-se a insuficiência cardíaca com disfunção ventricular sistólica ou diastólica. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 39 anos, com linfoma não Hodgkin difuso de grandes células B, submetida à quimioterapia com rituximabe, ciclofosfamida, doxorrubicina, vincristina e prednisona (R-CHOP), que apresentou cansaço aos pequenos esforços e aumento da pressão arterial. O ecocardiograma demonstrou disfunção ventricular esquerda leve com hipocinesia difusa e redução da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE), associadas à possível cardiomiotoxicidade da doxorrubicina. O caso foi identificado em uma pesquisa de prontuário e analisado segundo o algoritmo de Naranjo e, em seguida, foi determinada a gravidade das reações adversas cardiovasculares. Conclusão: Este estudo ressalta a importância da busca ativa de eventos cardiovasculares em prontuários de pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia cardiotóxica e do papel da farmacovigilância nesse contexto.

Introduction: Cardiotoxicity is one of the most significant effects of oncological treatment. Among the major relevant consequences, heart failure with systolic or diastolic ventricular dysfunction stands out. Case report: 39-year-old female patient with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who underwent rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP chemotherapy) and presented fatigue while exerting small efforts and increased blood pressure. The echocardiogram showed mild left ventricular dysfunction with diffuse hypokinesia and reduction of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) associated with the possible cardiomyotoxicity of doxorubicin. The case was identified in a chart survey, and analyzed according to the Naranjo Algorithm, and then the severity of the adverse cardiovascular reactions was determined. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of the active search for cardiovascular events in medical charts of patients undergoing cardiotoxic chemotherapy and the role of pharmacovigilance in this context.

Introducción: La cardiotoxicidad es uno de los efectos más significativos del tratamiento oncológico. Entre los efectos más considerables, destaca la insuficiencia cardíaca con disfunción ventricular sistólica o diastólica. Relato del caso: Paciente de 39 años con linfoma no Hodgkin difuso de células grandes B que se sometieron a quimioterapia con rituximab, ciclofosfamida, doxorubicina, vincristina y prednisona (R-CHOP). Pequeños esfuerzos y aumento de la presión arterial. El ecocardiograma mostró una disfunción ventricular izquierda leve con hipocinesia difusa y reducción de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) asociada con la posible cardiomioxicidad de la doxorrubicina. El caso se identificó en una encuesta gráfica y se analizó de acuerdo con el algoritmo de Naranjo, y luego se determinó la gravedad de las reacciones cardiovasculares adversas. Conclusión: Este estudio destaca la importancia de la búsqueda activa de eventos cardiovasculares en los registros médicos de pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia cardiotóxica y el papel de la farmacovigilancia en este contexto.

A Importância do Monitoramento e da Identificação Precoce de Cardiotoxicidade do Tratamento com Trastuzumabe no Câncer de Mama: Relato de Caso / The Importance of Early Monitoring and Identification of Cardiotoxicity of Trastuzumab Treatment in Breast Cancer: Case Report / La Importancia del Monitoreo y de la Identificación Temprano de la Cardiotoxicidad del Tratamiento con Trastuzumab en el Cáncer de Mama: Informe de Caso

Introdução: O câncer de mama representa a neoplasia mais frequente entre as mulheres, com elevada morbimortalidade. Com o advento de novos medicamentos, houve um aumento na sobrevida global; entretanto, o trastuzumabe, um anticorpo monoclonal utilizado no tratamento, pode promover cardiotoxicidade, que deve ser avaliada e monitorada durante o tratamento. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever um relato de caso de paciente que apresentou cardiotoxicidade associada ao uso de trastuzumabe e a importância do monitoramento e da identificação precoce da cardiotoxicidade por meio do monitoramento pelo ecocardiograma (ECO). Relato do caso: Paciente, sexo feminino, 63 anos, hipertensa, obesa, com câncer de mama, apresentou cardiotoxicidade associada ao uso de trastuzumabe, com redução da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) e desenvolveu diabetes após o tratamento. A paciente fez acompanhamento regular pelo ECO durante o tratamento, tendo sido esse processo fundamental para a detecção precoce e o manejo adequado da cardiotoxicidade associada ao uso do trastuzumabe. Foi utilizado um algoritmo na determinação da causalidade. Conclusão: Este estudo mostra a importância do acompanhamento da FEVE pelo ECO em pacientes submetidas à quimioterapia cardiotóxica e do monitoramento de possíveis alterações metabólicas após o tratamento oncológico.

Introduction: Breast cancer represents the most common neoplasm among women, with elevated morbimortality. With the appearance of new drugs, there has been an increase of global survival; however, trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment, may promote cardiotoxicity that should be evaluated and monitored during treatment. The aim of this article is to describe a case report of a patient presenting trastuzumab-associated cardiotoxicity and the importance of monitoring and early identification of cardiotoxicity through echocardiography (ECHO). Case report: A 63-year-old female patient, hypertensive, obese, with breast cancer, presented trastuzumab-associated cardiotoxicity, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), who developed diabetes after the treatment. The patient underwent regular echocardiography follow-up during treatment and this process was essential for early detection and appropriate management of trastuzumab-associated cardiotoxicity. An algorithm was used to determine the causality. Conclusion: This study shows the importance of LVEF follow-up with ECHO in patients undergoing cardiotoxic chemotherapy, and the monitoring of possible metabolic changes after oncologic treatment.

Introducción: El cáncer de mama representa el cáncer más común entre las mujeres, con alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Con el advenimiento de nuevos medicamentos, ha habido un aumento en la supervivencia general, sin embargo, trastuzumab, un anticuerpo monoclonal utilizado en el tratamiento, puede promover la cardiotoxicidad, que debe evaluarse y monitorearse durante el tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir un informe de caso de un paciente que presenta cardiotoxicidad asociada con el uso de trastuzumab y la importancia del monitoreo y la identificación temprana de la cardiotoxicidad a través del monitoreo ecocardiográfico (ECHO). Relato del caso: Una paciente de 63 años, hipertensa, obesa, con cáncer de mama, tenía cardiotoxicidad asociada con trastuzumab, fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda (FEVI) reducida y diabetes después del tratamiento. El paciente se sometió a un seguimiento ecocardiográfico regular durante el tratamiento y fue el proceso fundamental para la detección temprana y el manejo adecuado de la cardiotoxicidad asociada con el uso de trastuzumab. Se utilizó un algoritmo para determinar la causalidad. Conclusión: Este estudio muestra la importancia del seguimiento ECHO de la FEVI en pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia cardiotóxica, y el monitoreo de posibles cambios metabólicos después del tratamiento del cáncer.

Impact of Fungicide Residues on Polymerase Chain Reaction and on Yeast Metabolism

ABSTRACT The indiscriminate use of pesticides on grape crops is harmful for consumers´ healthin "in natura" consumption and in the ingestion of wine and grape juice. During winemaking, a rapid and efficient fermentation stage is critical to avoid proliferation of contaminating microorganisms and to guarantee the product´s quality. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has the advantage of detecting these contaminants in the early stages of fermentation. However,this enzymatic reaction may also be susceptible to specific problems, reducing its efficiency. Agricultural practices, such as fungicide treatments, may be a source of PCR inhibiting factors and may also interfere in the normal course of fermentation.The action of the pesticides captan and folpet on PCR and on yeast metabolism was evaluated, once these phthalimide compounds are widely employed in Brazilian vineyards. DNA amplification was only observed at 75 and 37.5 µg/mL of captan concentrations, whereas with folpet, amplification was observed only in the two lowest concentrations tested (42.2 and 21.1µg/mL).Besides the strong inhibition on Taq polymerase activity, phthalimides also inhibited yeast metabolism at all concentrations analyzed.Grape must containing captan and folpet residues could not be transformed into wine due to stuck fermentation caused by the inhibition of yeast metabolism. Non-compliance with the waiting period for phthalimide fungicides may result in financial liabilities to the viticulture sector.The use of yeasts with high fungicide sensitivity should be selected for must fermentation as a strategy for sustainable wine production and to assure that products comply with health and food safety standards.

Rapid yeast DNA extraction by boiling and freeze-thawing without using chemical reagents and DNA purification

The purpose of this work was to study a rapid yeast DNA extraction by boiling and freeze-thawing processes without using chemical reagents or any purification procedures, to obtain a high grade PCR-product. A specific DNA fragment of the 18S region of Dekkera bruxellensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was chosen. The described boiling and freeze-thawing protocols generated the PCR-grade product preparations and could be used to process many samples. The amplification of the fragments could be observed after 30 and 35 cycles. These processes of extraction without using any kind of chemical reagents, especial water, and purification procedures proved to be efficient, reproducible, simple, fast, and inexpensive.

Dipodascus capitatus (Geotrichum capitatum): infecção sistêmica fatal em paciente com leucemia mielocítica aguda / Dipodascus capitatus (Geotrichum capitatum): fatal systemic infection on patient with acute myeloid leukemia

As infecções causadas por Dipodascus capitatus são raras e de difícil tratamento. Aqui se relata um caso em paciente com leucemia mielocítica aguda. O isolamento fúngico ocorreu a partir de hemocultura e a identificação fenotípica baseou-se em métodos micológicos clássicos; a identificação genotípica foi realizada através do sequenciamento da região D1/D2 do 26 rDNA. Os testes de suscetibilidade foram realizados através do Etest® e microdiluição em caldo. A antifungicoterapia foi ineficaz, registrando-se óbito da paciente no 17° dia após o diagnóstico. Os autores comparam o caso com relatos similares e discutem a emergência destas infecções bem como suas dificuldades diagnósticas e terapêuticas.

The infections caused by Dipodascus capitatus are rare, and the treatment is difficult. We reported a case of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. The fungus was first isolated from hemocultures, and the phenotypic identification was based on mycological methods. The genotyping was carried out by sequencing the region D1/D2 from 26 rDNA. The susceptibility tests were assayed by Etest® and by the microdilution technique. None of the antifungal treatments employed were effective. The patient died on day 17 after the mycological diagnosis. The authors discussed the emergence of such infections as well as the difficulty regarding the diagnosis and treatment.

Sucesso terapêutico da terbinafina em um caso de esporotricose / Successful treatment of terbinafine in a case of sporotrichosis

A esporotricose é uma infecção subaguda ou crônica, causada por fungos pertencentes ao Complexo Sporothrix. Relato do caso: esporotricose de localização nasal foi tratada com iodeto de potássio e como não se obteve sucesso, reiniciou-se o tratamento com associação de iodeto de potássio e itraconazol. Porém, ocorreu nova recidiva. As culturas dos exames micológicos foram submetidas a ensaios de atividade antifúngica in vitro para auxiliar no tratamento. A terbinafina foi o antifúngico que apresentou melhores resultados, por isso, o tratamento foi reiniciado com este antifúngico e, após dois anos do término do mesmo, não recidivou. Adicionalmente, ambas as culturas foram comparadas por RAPD, obtendo padrões de fragmentos distintos, indicando que os isolados são diferentes ou demonstrando um processo microevolutivo do microrganismo.

Sporotrichosis is a chronic subacute infection caused by fungi belonging to the Sporothrix Complex. In the present clinical case, nasal sporotrichosis was treated with potassium iodide. This was unsuccessful, and the treatment was restarted with a combination of potassium iodide and itraconazole. This however resulted in a further recurrence of the infection. The mycological cultures were tested in vitro for antifungal activity to assist in treatment. Terbinafine, an antifungal drug, produced the best results and was therefore used for the rest of the treatment course, with no recurrence after two years of its completion. In addition, both cultures were compared using RAPD and different fragment patterns were observed. This indicated that the isolates were either different or indicated a microevolutionary process of this microorganism.

Production of functional killer protein in batch cultures upon a shift from aerobic to anaerobic conditions

The aim of this work was to study the production of functional protein in yeast culture. The cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Embrapa 1B (K+R+) killed a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Embrapa 26B (K-R-)in grape must and YEPD media. The lethal effect of toxin-containing supernatant and the effect of aeration upon functional killer production and the correlation between the products of anaerobic metabolism and the functional toxin formation were evaluated. The results showed that at low sugar concentration, the toxin of the killer strain of Sacch. cerevisiae was only produced under anaerobic conditions . The system of killer protein production showed to be regulated by Pasteur and Crabtree effects. As soon as the ethanol was formed, the functional killer toxin was produced. The synthesis of the active killer toxin seemed to be somewhat associated with the switch to fermentation process and with concomitant alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity.

Influence of Brettanomyces custersianus upon the activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains during the tumultuous phase of vinification

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of Brettanomyces custersianus on the metabolic activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the tumultuous stage of wine production. The Cabernet Sauvignon grape must with the skin was inoculated with individual cultures of Sacch. cerevisiae and with mixed cultures of Sacch. cerevisiae and Br. custersianus. During the 6-day tumultuous phase of fermentation, the highest ethanol production and the highest sugar consumption were obtained with the strains without B. custersianus. Fermentations carried out with the addition of Brettanomyces metabolites, acetic acid and 4-ethylphenol, showed that only the former inhibited the growth of both Sacch. cerevisiae strains used. In some cases, Br. custersianus could affect the rate higher alcohols production and their final concentrations during the tumultuous phase of vinification.

Atuação fonoaudiológica em creche de belo horizonte: relato de experiência / Speech pathologists performance at a child day care center: experience report

Objetivo: verificar a atuação do Fonoaudiólogo em creches. Métodos: relato de experiência de atuaçãofonoaudiológica em creches com a participação de profissionais e estudantes de Fonoaudiologiajunto ao Programa Creche do estágio em Fonoaudiologia Preventiva, oferecido aos alunos do curso de Fonoaudiologia do Unicentro Metodista Izabela Hendrix. Este programa foi desenvolvido em uma creche conveniada com a Prefeitura de Belo Horizonte, a qual atendeu a 160 crianças e contou, semestralmente,com a participação de 18 estagiários. O intuito do Programa foi oferecer aos estagiários a oportunidade de vivenciar um papel profissional na promoção da saúde, levando-se em consideraçãoprincipalmente aspectos relacionados com procedimentos e atitudes preventivas. Resultados: o trabalhofocalizou não só as crianças da creche, mas toda a comunidade, proporcionando-lhes maiores possibilidades de um desenvolvimento adequado. O Programa foi estruturado a partir das necessidadese solicitações da própria comunidade e, por isto, foi muito bem aceito por todos. Conclusão: a experiência no Programa Creche mostrou a importância do Fonoaudiólogo atuar em parceria com aequipe da creche e desenvolver atividades eficazes em prol da prevenção e promoção dos aspectoscomunicativos.

Purpose: to verify the speech pathologist’s performance at a Child Day Care Center. Methods: experience report of the speech language therapist’s performance at a Child Day Care Centers with the participation of professionals and speech pathology students of Unicentro Metodista Izabela Hendrix. This program was developed at the Child Day Care Center member of Belo Horizonte city administration,which took care of 160 children, and had the semiannual participation of 18 internship members. The program’s intended to offer the participants the opportunity to take advantage of acting as a Professional to promote health, taking special consideration in all aspects related to behavior and preventive attitudes. Results: the work focused not only on the Child Day Care Center also on the entire community giving major opportunities to a suitable development. The program was structured according to the Community’srequests and necessities and therefore was well developed by all. Conclusion: the experience at the Child Day Care Center showed the importance of the partnership between the speech language therapist and the Child Day Care Center staff to develop effective activities for the benefit of prevention and promotion of communication aspects.

A preliminary note on yeasts associated with fecal pellets of rodents and marsupials of atlantic forest fragments in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Yeasts had men counts of above 10 (6) CFU/gin the fecal pellets of small mammals from tropical forest fragments. Most of the 55 species isolated werefermentative ascomycetes, with the most frequent being Debaryomyces hansenii, Pichia membranifaciens and Issatchenkia orientalis, whereas Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was the most frequent yeast of basidiomycetous affinity